Serum calcium level in patients suffering from psoriasis and its correlation with severity of psoriasis: A case control study
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent skin disorder characterized histological by cutaneous inflammation, increased epidermal proliferation, hyperkeratosis, angiogenesis, abnormal keratinization, shortened maturation time and parakeratosis. The recent success of vitamin D and its analogues in the treatment of psoriasis has generated extensive research into the role of vitamin D and calcium in this hyperproliferative skin disease. This study was conducted to determine the role of calcium serum level in patients suffering from psoriasis and its correlation with severity of psoriasis. This case control study was performed at outpatient department, in the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, from June 2017 to December 2018, at JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan. The study enrolled 400 subjects of either sex with different age groups. Group A (case) included 200 patients of chronic psoriasis of different age and sex and Group B (control) 200 matched healthy individual without psoriasis. It was observed in this study, 42 patients (21%) had hypocalcaemia, 152 patients (76%) had normocalcaemia and 6 patients (3%) had hypercalcaemia in cases group whereas in control group, 8 (4%) patients had hypocalcaemia, 189 (94.5%) patients had normocalcaemia and 3 (1.5%) patients had hypercalcaemia in the group B. Hypocalcaemia was more frequent in more severe kinds of psoriasis. It was concluded from this study that serum calcium levels were significantly lower in the patients with Psoriasis when compared with the controls. This study revealed hypocalcaemia was more frequent in more severe kinds of psoriasis. More studies are required to authentication of hypocalcaemia as etiology in psoriasis.
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Introduction
Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent skin disorder characterized histologically by cutaneous inflammation, increased epidermal proliferation, hyperkeratosis, angiogenesis, abnormal keratinization, shortened maturation time and parakeratosis. 1,2
Outbreaks often correlate with environmental triggers, often linked to nutritional deficiencies and poor eating habits3 . It is an important and prevalent skin diseases developing due to increasing epidermal cells multiplication.
A number of risk factors have been recognized in the etiopathogenesis of psoriasis, including family history and environmental risk factors, such as diet, obesity, smoking, stress and alcohol consumption. Psoriasis tends to worsen during periods of stress, during adverse environmental conditions seen as cold weather, low humidity; with the administration of certain drugs during course of infection in addition ethnic factors are also responsible. 4
Conclusion
This present study concluded that serum calcium levels were significantly lower in the patients with Psoriasis when compared with the controls. This study revealed hypocalcaemia was more frequent in more severe kinds of psoriasis. Hypocalcaemia was a significant risk factor of psoriasis. So it is better to include dairy products as calcium resource in daily diet of patients suffering from psoriasis